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U.S. National Library of Medicine

Genetics Home Reference provides consumer-friendly information about the effects of genetic variation on human health.

Health Conditions

More than 1,200 health conditions, diseases, and syndromes

Browse A–Z

Genes

More than 1,400 genes and the health effects of genetic changes

Browse A–Z

Chromosomes & mtDNA

Autosomes, sex chromosomes, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

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Help Me Understand Genetics

Learn about the basics of human genetics

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Published: August 15, 2017

The resources on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Users with questions about a personal health condition should consult with a qualified healthcare professional.